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女性:世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的救世主?

放大字體  縮小字體 發(fā)布日期:2009-10-27
核心提示:The largest growing economic force in the world isn't the China or India -- it's women. The earning power of women globally is expected to reach $18 trillion by 2014 -- a $5 trillion rise for current income, according to World Bank estimates. That i

    The largest growing economic force in the world isn't the China or India -- it's women.

    The earning power of women globally is expected to reach $18 trillion by 2014 -- a $5 trillion rise for current income, according to World Bank estimates. That is more than twice the estimated 2014 GDP of China and India combined.

    For companies, the growing economic power of women would seem an obvious market to capture. But according to a global study by the Boston Consulting Group, women feel at best underserved by companies, and at worst ignored.

    For women, the worst offender is the financial services industry. The BCG survey of 12,000 women in 40 regions around the world found that financial services -- such as providing ibanking, investment and insurance products and advice -- are worst at connecting with female consumers.

    In doing so, the industries risk alienating the greatest growing spending bloc on the planet. Whether in the workforce or not, women are increasingly the drivers of consumer spending. Women globally control $20 trillion in annual consumer spending; by 2014 that could climb to $28 trillion.

    The economic story of burgeoning economies such as China is also the story of "factory girls," young women who have found new spending power as a result of new economic opportunities. Despite the financial crisis, domestic spending in the first nine months of this year was up 15 percent, driven in large part by women under the age of 35, said Shaun Rein, managing director of China Market Research Group.

    Hidden in the bad news of unemployment in the most recent U.S. labor report was a historic statistic that underlines the growing importance of "womenonics" -- for the first time, the number of working women in the world's largest market was virtually equal to the number of men. By the end of the year, working women in the U.S. are expected to outnumber men.

    That is not to say women have reached workplace parity in the U.S. -- women still earn only 77 cents for every dollar men do. And the ranks of female CEOs are still thin.

    The trouble for women -- be they working women seeking small loans or entrepreneurs trying to attract venture capital -- is a problem of access and information.

    While women in developed markets bemoan disconnect with financial services, in the developing world financial programs aimed to lift families out of poverty are focused on women. Microfinancing gives small, short-term loans almost exclusively to women, because studies show women are most likely to invest in the welfare of the family and -- importantly -- pay loans back on time.

    Even immigrant workers who have a steady income have trouble getting help from banks.

    Last year, cash remittances to home countries from migrant workers was more than $300 billion, according to the World Bank. And even though they make on average less than men, the majority of the cash was from female workers.

    世界上最大的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)動(dòng)力不是中國(guó)也不是印度,是女性。

    根據(jù)世界銀行估計(jì)全球女性的盈利能力預(yù)計(jì)到2014年達(dá)到18萬(wàn)億美元--相較目前收入增長(zhǎng)5萬(wàn)億美元。那是2014年中國(guó)和印度GDP總額的兩倍多。

    對(duì)公司而言,女性的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)力將是努力爭(zhēng)取的可觀市場(chǎng)。但是根據(jù)波士頓咨詢集團(tuán)的一項(xiàng)全球研究,女性感覺(jué)受到公司的低下待遇及嚴(yán)重的忽視。

    對(duì)女性而言,最大的冒犯是金融服務(wù)業(yè)。波士頓咨詢集團(tuán)對(duì)全世界40個(gè)地區(qū)的12000位女性的民意調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)金融服務(wù),例如投資銀行、投資和保險(xiǎn)產(chǎn)品及投資建議等--在與女性消費(fèi)接觸時(shí)是最?lèi)毫拥摹?/p>

    這樣做,行業(yè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)與這個(gè)星球上最大的經(jīng)濟(jì)開(kāi)支增長(zhǎng)集團(tuán)越走越遠(yuǎn)。無(wú)論是否在勞工中,女性是漸增的消費(fèi)支出拉動(dòng)者。全球范圍內(nèi),女性控制每年消費(fèi)支出中的20萬(wàn)億美元,到2014年這個(gè)數(shù)值將增至28萬(wàn)億元。

    如中國(guó)這樣的新興經(jīng)濟(jì)體的經(jīng)濟(jì)故事中同樣有"工廠女孩"的故事,年輕的女性由于新的經(jīng)濟(jì)機(jī)遇成為了新的消費(fèi)動(dòng)力。盡管發(fā)生了經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī),國(guó)內(nèi)消費(fèi)在本年度前九個(gè)月的仍上升了百分之十五,主要是35歲以下的女性拉動(dòng)的,肖恩雷恩,中國(guó)市場(chǎng)研究集團(tuán)的總裁這樣說(shuō)到。

    隱藏在近來(lái)美國(guó)勞工報(bào)告失業(yè)壞消息下的歷史性統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字強(qiáng)調(diào)了"女性經(jīng)濟(jì)"日益增長(zhǎng)的重要性--第一次,世界這個(gè)最大市場(chǎng)上職業(yè)女性的數(shù)量事實(shí)上與男性的數(shù)量相當(dāng)。今年底,職業(yè)女性的數(shù)量預(yù)計(jì)超過(guò)男性。

    這并不是說(shuō)在美國(guó)女性獲得了與男性相等的對(duì)待--同樣一份工作女性僅獲得男性工資的百分之七十七。女性CEO的人數(shù)仍舊寥寥無(wú)幾。

    女性的麻煩是--他們作為職業(yè)女性尋求小額貸款或企業(yè)家嘗試吸引風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資--其進(jìn)入和信息的獲取困難重重。

    當(dāng)發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的女性為與金融服務(wù)的"斷路"哀嘆時(shí),發(fā)展中國(guó)家旨在脫貧的金融項(xiàng)目將目標(biāo)瞄向女性。微額貸款幾乎是專(zhuān)門(mén)為女性提供的小額短期的貸款,因?yàn)檠芯勘砻髋允亲羁赡芡顿Y家庭福利及重要的一點(diǎn)--按時(shí)償還貸款。

    即使是擁有穩(wěn)定收入的移民勞工也很難從銀行得到幫助。

    根據(jù)世界銀行資料,去年外出打工人員匯入母國(guó)的金額達(dá)到超過(guò)3千億,.并且即使她們平均獲得報(bào)酬少于男性,但資金中的大部分來(lái)自女性勞動(dòng)者。

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